PhotoFiltre Studio X 是一款功能强大、容易上手的图像编辑软件，类似于Photoshop，插件丰富，常用的锐化，模糊，对比度，亮度调节一个都不缺，而仿制图章工具，艺术画笔，套索也是应有尽有。其它诸如色彩调整，遮罩，混色也都相当出色。自带多个图像特效滤镜，使用它们可方便地做出各式各样的图像特效；文本输入功能颇具特色，有多种效果可供选择，并能自由地调整文本角度；内置 PhotoMasque（图像蒙板）编辑功能。
This study presents a nonlinear optimization technique (NOT) for conducting the back analyses of geotechnical engineering problems
based on the field observations. Additional auxiliary techniques are incorporated to enhance the convergence and stability of the NOT.
The developed NOT and additional auxiliary techniques are incorporated into a finite element code and then applied to the back analysis
of excavation-induced wall deflection. A number of hypothetical excavation cases with various scenarios of stratigraphy and two quality
excavation case histories are used to validate the developed NOT, in which the dominant soil parameters are treated as target parameters.
Results show that the wall deflections of all hypothetical and actual excavation cases at each stage can be accurately and efficiently backfigured.
