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This study presents a nonlinear optimization technique (NOT) for conducting the back analyses of geotechnical engineering problems
based on the field observations. Additional auxiliary techniques are incorporated to enhance the convergence and stability of the NOT.
The developed NOT and additional auxiliary techniques are incorporated into a finite element code and then applied to the back analysis
of excavation-induced wall deflection. A number of hypothetical excavation cases with various scenarios of stratigraphy and two quality
excavation case histories are used to validate the developed NOT, in which the dominant soil parameters are treated as target parameters.
Results show that the wall deflections of all hypothetical and actual excavation cases at each stage can be accurately and efficiently backfigured.
BS 5950-1:2000
— Part 1: Code of practice for design — Rolled and welded sections;
— Part 2: Specification for materials, fabrication and erection — Rolled and
welded sections;
— Part 3: Design in composite construction — Section 3.1: Code of practice for
design of simple and continuous composite beams;
— Part 4: Code of practice for design of composite slabs with profiled steel
sheeting;
— Part 5: Code of practice for design of cold formed thin gauge sections;
— Part 6: Code of practice for design of light gauge profiled steel sheeting;
— Part 7: Specification for materials, fabrication and erection — Cold formed
sections and sheeting;
— Part 8: Code of practice for fire resistant design;
— Part 9: Code of practice for stressed skin design.
